Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18200-5
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Funding
- National Science & Technology for Infectious Diseases of China [2008ZX10003014-002, 2013ZX10003008-002]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [JX10231802]
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It is urgent to find an optimised therapy regimen for the control of MDR-TB globally. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiacy and safety of a combined regimen of rhlL-2 injection and standard chemotherapy within 18-month duration in a randomized controlled trial conducted in 14 centres in eastern China. From Jan. 2009 to July. 2016, 271 MDR-TB cases were enrolled and followed up in two groups, 142 cases in study group while 129 cases in control group. Clinical efficacy, safety and immune activity (Th1, Th17, Treg, IFN-gamma, IL-17) among the two groups were evaluated and compared. After 24-month following up, cure rate in IL-2 group show higher than that in control group (56% VS 36%, P < 0.01). Rate of mycobacterium clearance (sputum negative) within 3 months was significantly higher in IL-2 group (74% VS 59%, P < 0.05) with no adverse events raised. Patients after rhlL-2 treatment showed increasing of Th1 populations and decreasing of Th17 and Regulatory T cells (Treg) populations, while levels of IL-17A, ROR-gamma t, and Foxp3 mRNA decreased and level of IFN-gamma mRNA increased in PBMCs. Thus, rhlL-2 combined regimen within shorter duration achieved high conversion and success rates and improved Th1/Th17 immune responses, with no safety concerns emerging in MDR-TB patients.
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