Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/srep03728
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Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [41090374, 41121002, 41003002]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB956102]
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry [SKLIG-KF-12-01, SKLIG-KF-12-02, SKLIG-JY-12-01]
- National Science Council, and National Taiwan University [101-2116-M-002-009, 102-2116-M-002-016, 101R7625]
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A large and sudden increase in radiocarbon (C-14) around AD773 are documented in coral skeletons from the South China Sea. The C-14 increased by similar to 15 parts per thousand during winter, and remain elevated for more than 4 months, then increased and dropped down within two months, forming a spike of 45 parts per thousand high in late spring, followed by two smaller spikes. The C-14 anomalies coincide with an historic comet collision with the Earth's atmosphere on 17 January AD 773. Comas are known to have percent-levels of nitrogen by weight, and are exposed to cosmic radiation in space. Hence they may be expected to contain highly elevated C-14/C-12 ratios, as compared to the Earth's atmosphere. The significant input of C-14 by comets may have contributed to the fluctuation of C-14 in the atmosphere throughout the Earth's history, which should be considered carefully to better constrain the cosmic ray fluctuation.
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