Journal
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 1, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/srep00135
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Funding
- Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, DIMEGEN [BIO2008-02444, CSD2009-00006, BIO2009-10138, CGL2010-19303]
- Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO/2010/089]
- Junta de Andalucia [P10-CVI-6226]
- NSF [DEB-919290]
- FEDER
- Junta de Andalucia
- Slovenian Research Agency [P1-0198]
- U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-841933, OCE-821374]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [0830024, 0841933] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [919290] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We describe the microbiota of two hypersaline saltern ponds, one of intermediate salinity (19%) and a NaCl saturated crystallizer pond (37%) using pyrosequencing. The analyses of these metagenomes (nearly 784 Mb) reaffirmed the vast dominance of Haloquadratum walsbyi but also revealed novel, abundant and previously unsuspected microbial groups. We describe for the first time, a group of low GC Actinobacteria, related to freshwater Actinobacteria, abundant in low and intermediate salinities. Metagenomic assembly revealed three new abundant microbes: a low-GC euryarchaeon with the lowest GC content described for any euryarchaeon, a high-GC euryarchaeon and a gammaproteobacterium related to Alkalilimnicola and Nitrococcus. Multiple displacement amplification and sequencing of the genome from a single archaeal cell of the new low GC euryarchaeon suggest a photoheterotrophic and polysaccharide-degrading lifestyle and its relatedness to the recently described lineage of Nanohaloarchaea. These discoveries reveal the combined power of an unbiased metagenomic and single cell genomic approach.
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