Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 4, Issue 48, Pages 24955-24961Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03296a
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Funding
- U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-1005581, DMR-1405439]
- KAKENHI on Innovative Areas (Coordination Programming Area) from MEXT, Japan
- New Energy and Industrial Development Organization (NEDO), Japan
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The influence of particle size on the electrochemical properties of guest-ion storage materials has attracted much attention because of the extensive need for long cycle-life, high energy density, and high power batteries. The present work describes a systematic study of the effect of particle size on the guest-ion storage capabilities of a cyanide-bridged coordination polymer. A series of nickel hexacyanoferrate particles ranging from approximately 40 to 400 nm were synthesized by a co-precipitation method and were used as the cathode material for both Li-ion and Na-ion insertion/extraction experiments using organic electrolyte. A large polarization was observed for the largest particles during Li-ion cycling, indicating a heterogeneous ion concentration within the lattice. As a consequence, the available capacity of Li-ion intercalation at high rates is significantly improved by reducing the particle size. On the other hand, Na-ion intercalation shows excellent rate capability regardless of the particle size.
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