Current dependent formation of PEDOT inverse nanotube arrays

PEDOT nanostructures with distinct patterns can be formed by means of electrodeposition in titania nanotubes. The deposition process critically depends on the current protocol, leading to selective filling of the inner and/or outer space of the tubes. The approach allows for synthesis of vertically aligned PEDOT-titania composites or polymer nanostructures in the form of PEDOT inverse-nanotube-arrays and PEDOT nanopore-arrays.