New-onset diabetes mellitus after shock wave lithotripsy for urinary stone: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association between shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for urinary stone and new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM). A comprehensive data collection was performed in the Pubmed database, Embase database, Chinese Biomedical database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database and VIP database. Difference in incidence of new-onset DM after SWL between cases and controls was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) with its 95 % confidence interval (CI). And summary adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95 % CIs were calculated to assess the strength of association between SWL and new-onset DM, and then subgroup analyses were conducted. Five studies were included in this meta-analysis. The incidence of new-onset DM after SWL is not higher than that in the population who do not receive SWL [OR = 1.59, 95 % CI (0.92, 2.74), P = 0.10]. And statistical association between SWL and new-onset DM could not be found significantly [RR = 1.33, 95 % CI (0.83, 2.13), P = 0.24], either. However, body mass index (BMI) [RR = 1.09, 95 % CI (1.04, 1.14), P < 0.001] and family history of DM (FHx DM) [RR = 0.35, 95 % CI (0.15, 0.80), P = 0.013] were found significantly associated with the development of DM in subgroup analyses. Our data suggests that there is no association between SWL for urinary stone and new-onset DM.