Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 342-354Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/nu6010342
Keywords
adolescents; food intake; micronutrients; dietary supplements; Raine Study
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council [353514, 403981, 634445, 1022134, 003209]
- Telstra Research Foundation
- West Australian Health Promotion Foundation
- Australian Rotary Health Research Fund
- National Heart Foundation of Australia/Beyond Blue
- University of Western Australia (UWA)
- Raine Medical Research Foundation
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research
- UWA Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences
- Women and Infants Research Foundation
- Curtin University
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Objective: Low micronutrient intakes in adolescents are frequently reported. We assessed micronutrient intakes in adolescents to determine whether supplement use optimises intakes. Methods: Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire in 17 year old participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (n = 991). We calculated median daily micronutrient intakes in supplement users and non-users (from food sources only and from food and supplements), along with the percentage of adolescents meeting the Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI) where appropriate. Results: Intakes of calcium, magnesium, folate and vitamins D and E from food only were low. Although supplements significantly increased micronutrient intakes in supplement users, more than half of supplement users failed to meet the EAR or AT for some key micronutrients. Compared with non-users, supplement users had higher micronutrient intakes from food sources with the exception of vitamins D and B12 and were more likely to achieve the EAR or AT for many micronutrients from food only. Conclusions: Intakes of some key micronutrients were low in this population, even among supplement users. Those facing the greatest risk of micronutrient deficiencies were less likely to use supplements.
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