Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 637-652Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma7020637
Keywords
magnesium compounds; fire retardant; wood; thermal degradation
Categories
Funding
- Significant Program of Forestry Industry Special Funds for Public Welfare of China [201204704]
- National Natural and Science Foundation of China [31070496]
- National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period [2012BAD24B03]
- Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China [20114321110005]
- Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate [CX2012A013]
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The effect of basic magnesium carbonate (BMC), magnesium hydroxide (MH), and magnesium chloride hydrate (MCH) on thermal degradation of red gum wood was studied using cone calorimetry, Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. The results showed common fire retardation actions of the three compounds by releasing incombustible gas and/or water vapor to dilute combustible gas in the flaming zone, and by converting to MgO, which had a satisfactory protective wall effect on the wood. Individually, BMC absorbed heat from the wood at the pre-decomposition stage and, thus, slowed down wood pyrolysis process. It slightly increased the char yield by charring in both the charring stage and the char calcination stage. MH lost water at about 270 degrees C, close to the temperature at which wood thermally degraded. MH rendered wood char quickly, and the compact char layer impeded further carbonization and burning of inner wood. MCH promoted charring with Mg2+ as a Lewis acid, and increased wood char yield. MCH also released Cl. free radical and HCl at 167 degrees C, which easily coordinated with combustion reaction radical, and slowed down, even inhibited, the combustion chain reaction.
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