Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOWER EXTREMITY WOUNDS
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 4-11Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1534734612474303
Keywords
diabetes; wound healing; skin changes; skin inflammation; skin blood vessels
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01-DK076937, R01 NS066205]
- National Center for Research Resources [UL1RR025758]
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [SFRH/BD/48624/2008, SFRH/BPD/46341/2008]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/48624/2008, SFRH/BPD/46341/2008] Funding Source: FCT
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Systemic inflammation is associated with impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Using immunohistochemistry techniques, the authors investigated changes in skin inflammation and skin blood vessels in human and experimental diabetes. Comparing to the non-DM human subjects, the total number of inflammatory cells per biopsy and the number of inflammatory cells around blood vessels, a strong indication of inflammation, were higher in DM subjects irrespective of their risk for developing diabetic foot ulcer. Inflammatory cell infiltration was robustly increased in all DM animal models compared with their non-DM controls. The number and density of blood vessels and CD31 positive proliferating endothelial cells around preexisting skin vessels was also higher in the DM patients. However, there were no differences in the skin blood flow between the non-DM and DM subjects. The number of skin blood vessels was also increased in the DM animals; however, these differences were less obvious than the ones observed for inflammatory cells. We conclude that skin inflammation and skin blood vessel density is increased in diabetic human subjects and in rodent and rabbit models of diabetes.
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