3D porous graphene with ultrahigh surface area for microscale capacitive deionization

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology to supply deionized water as liquid coolant for the thermal management in microelectronics. Graphene has been demonstrated as a promising candidate for CDI electrode. However, the performance of current graphene-based CD! is far below expectation due to the limited specific surface area (SSA) and electrical conductivity of the chemically reduced graphene. Here we presented a KOH-activated graphene that has ultrahigh SSA of 3513 m(2)/g and electrical conductivity of 104 S/m. With improved materials properties, an ultrahigh electrosorption capacity of 11.86 mg/g and a significant adsorption rate of 20 min are achieved. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.