Journal
FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 323-350Publisher
HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11467-013-0408-7
Keywords
nanomaterial; energy storage; silicon anode; sulfur cathode; stationary battery; electrochemical capacitors
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Funding
- US Department of Energy, Global Climate and Energy Projects at Stanford University
- US Office of Naval Research
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Oronzio and Niccolo De Nora Foundation
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The development of nanotechnology in the past two decades has generated great capability of controlling materials at the nanometer scale and has enabled exciting opportunities to design materials with desirable electronic, ionic, photonic, and mechanical properties. This development has also contributed to the advance in energy storage, which is a critical technology in this century. In this article, we will review how the rational design of nanostructured materials has addressed the challenges of batteries and electrochemical capacitors and led to high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices. Four specific material systems will be discussed: i) nanostructured alloy anodes for Li-batteries, ii) nanostructured sulfur cathodes for Li-batteries, iii) nanoporous openframework battery electrodes, and iv) nanostructured electrodes for electrochemical capacitors.
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