Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2011.00041
Keywords
medium spiny neurons; addiction; nucleus accumbens; cell-type-specific; D-1+ MSNs; D-2+ MSNs; cocaine; dopamine
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Funding
- NIDA NIH HHS [P01 DA008227, R01 DA014133, R01 DA007359] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [P50 MH096890] Funding Source: Medline
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The striatum plays a key role in mediating the acute and chronic effects of addictive drugs, with drugs of abuse causing long-lasting molecular and cellular alterations in both dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum). Despite the wealth of research on the biological actions of abused drugs in striatum, until recently, the distinct roles of the striatum's two major subtypes of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in drug addiction remained elusive. Recent advances in cell-type-specific technologies, including fluorescent reporter mice, transgenic, or knockout mice, and viral-mediated gene transfer, have advanced the field toward a more comprehensive understanding of the two MSN subtypes in the long-term actions of drugs of abuse. Here we review progress in defining the distinct molecular and functional contributions of the two MSN subtypes in mediating addiction.
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