Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2011.00029
Keywords
human nature; evolution; cortical circuits; brain size; number synapses; pyramidal neurons
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Funding
- Centre for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) [CB06/05/0066]
- Fundacion CIEN
- Spanish Ministry of Education, Science and Innovation [SAF2009-09394]
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The tremendous expansion and the differentiation of the neocortex constitute two major events in the evolution of the mammalian brain. The increase in size and complexity of our brains opened the way to a spectacular development of cognitive and mental skills. This expansion during evolution facilitated the addition of microcircuits with a similar basic structure, which increased the complexity of the human brain and contributed to its uniqueness. However, fundamental differences even exist between distinct mammalian species. Here, we shall discuss the issue of our humanity from a neurobiological and historical perspective.
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