Journal
MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR
Volume 21, Issue -, Pages 1895-1903Publisher
INT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE, INC
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.893579
Keywords
Gonorrhea; Meta-Analysis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81328017]
- Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Projects of China [2012B031800302, 2013B051000050]
- President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University [G2011014, 2013Z011]
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Background: The association between gonorrhea and prostate cancer risk has been investigated widely, but the results remain inconsistent and contradictory. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to obtain a more precise estimate of this association. Material/Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for papers up to June 2014 to identify eligible studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the influence of gonorrhea on prostate cancer risk. Results: Twenty-one observational studies (19 case-control and 2 cohort) were eligible, comprising 9965 prostate cancer patients and 118 765 participants. Pooled results indicated that gonorrhea was significantly associated with increased incidence of prostate cancer (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.14-1.52). The association between gonorrhea and prostate cancer was stronger in African American males (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.65) than in Whites (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.90-1.21). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that gonorrhea is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, especially among African American males. These results warrant further well-designed, large-scale cohort studies to draw definitive conclusions.
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