Journal
COGNITIVE COMPUTATION
Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 234-242Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12559-012-9183-y
Keywords
Common sense knowledge; Natural language processing; Linguistic context; n-gram; Handwritten Chinese text recognition
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB316302]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [60825301, 60933010]
- Royal Society of Edinburgh (UK)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences within the China-Scotland SIPRA (Signal Image Processing Research Academy) Programme
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Compared to human intelligence, computers are far short of common sense knowledge which people normally acquire during the formative years of their lives. This paper investigates the effects of employing common sense knowledge as a new linguistic context in handwritten Chinese text recognition. Three methods are introduced to supplement the standard n-gram language model: embedding model, direct model, and an ensemble of these two. The embedding model uses semantic similarities from common sense knowledge to make the n-gram probabilities estimation more reliable, especially for the unseen n-grams in the training text corpus. The direct model, in turn, considers the linguistic context of the whole document to make up for the short context limit of the n-gram model. The three models are evaluated on a large unconstrained handwriting database, CASIA-HWDB, and the results show that the adoption of common sense knowledge yields improvements in recognition performance, despite the reduced concept list hereby employed.
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