Journal
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 3, Issue 7, Pages 1703-1711Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3cy20836b
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Singapore [ARC25/08 (T208B1215), RG117/06]
- Nanyang Technological University
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Carbon nitride (CN) nanosheets with a thickness of around 3 nm were prepared by pyrolysis of urea. Well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles of about 3 nm were pre-loaded on CN nanosheets as the co-catalyst by chemical reduction in ethylene glycol. The Pt/CN sample showed a H-2 evolution rate of 45.1 mu mol h(-1) from an aqueous solution of triethanolamine (TEOA) under visible light irradiation (l > 420 nm). By simply adding a low-cost dye Erythrosin B (ErB) in the photoreaction suspension, a remarkably enhanced H-2 evolution rate of 652.5 mmol h(-1) was observed. Efficient electron transfer from excited ErB to the conduction band of CN is expected due to the energy difference between the LUMO level of excited ErB (-3.59 eV vs. vacuum level) and the conduction band potential of CN (-3.71 eV vs. vacuum level). A dye sensitization mechanism between ErB and CN is proposed. Upon irradiation with light of long wavelength (lambda > 550 nm), the Pt/CN-ErB photocatalyst system still exhibited a high H2 evolution rate of 162.5 mmol h(-1). The highest quantum efficiency of 33.4% was obtained at 460 nm. Moreover, the Pt/CN photocatalyst could be easily recycled by simple filtration and 90% of the activity was still kept after five consecutive runs.
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