Electrochemical degradation of tramadol hydrochloride: Novel use of potentiometric carbon paste electrodes as a tracer

The electrochemical removal of tramadol hydrochloride from aqueous solutions has been investigated under several operating conditions using a Pb/PbO2 electrode. The optimum conditions of the treatment process are: current density of 1000 mAcm(-2), pH approximate to 6, temperature of 10 degrees C and initial tramadol hydrochloride concentration of 100 mg/L. The time of electrolysis is 25 min for degradation rate of tramadol hydrochloride and chemical oxygen demeaned (COD) removal is 22 h. The results were obtained by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the presently designed electrode was coincident. (C) 2011 Production and hosting by Elsevier B. V. on behalf of King Saud University.