Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 3, Issue 12, Pages 1597-1605Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300372
Keywords
solution-processed intermediate layers; organic tandem solar cells; low temperature treatment; ZnO-nanoparticles; optical stimulation; electrical simulation
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Funding
- European Commission [288565]
- Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of its Excellence Initiative
- Solarfabrik der Zukunft project
- Energy Campus Nuremberg
- Solar Technologies go Hybrid (SolTech) project
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Photovoltaic tandem technology has the potential to boost the power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices. Here, a reliable and efficient fully solution-processed intermediate layer (IML) consisting of ZnO and neutralized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is demonstrated for series-connected multi-junction organic solar cells (OSCs). Drying at 80 degrees C in air is sufficient for this solution-processed IML to obtain excellent functionality and reliability, which allow the use of most of high performance donor materials in the tandem structure. An open circuit voltage (V-oc) of 0.56 V is obtained for single-junction OSCs based on a low band-gap polymer, while multi-junction OSCs based on the same absorber material deliver promising fill factor values along with fully additive V-oc as the number of junctions increase. Optical and electrical simulations, which are reliable and promising guidelines for the design and investigation of multi-junction OSCs, are discussed. The outcome of optical and electrical simulations is in excellent agreement with the experimental data, indicating the outstanding efficiency and functionality of this solution-processed IML. The demonstration of this efficient, solution-processed IML represents a convenient way for facilitating fabrication of multi-junction OSCs to achieve high power conversion efficiency.
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