Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages 729-736Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201201059
Keywords
cathode; in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction; lithium-ion battery; safety; thermal decomposition
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
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Safety has been a major technological concern hindering the deployment of lithium-ion batteries for automobile applications. We investigated the decomposition mechanism of delithiated cathode materials at thermal abuse conditions using Li1.1[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]0.9O2 as a model cathode material. An in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction technique was established as an alternative to conventional thermal analysis techniques like differential scanning calorimetry and accelerating rate calorimetry. The X-ray diffraction data revealed that the thermal decomposition pathway of delithiated Li1-x[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]0.9O2 strongly depended on the exposed chemical environment, like solvents and lithium salts. A phase transformation of dry delithiated Li1-x[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]0.9O2 was observed at about 278 degrees C, and its onset temperature was reduced to about 197 degrees C with the presence of the electrolyte. It is suggested that the reduction in thermal stability is possibly related to proton intercalation into the delithiated material.
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