Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 2, Issue 7, Pages 710-721Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201200026
Keywords
electrode materials; lithium-ion battery; rechargeable battery; review; sodium-ion battery
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [20112020100070]
- Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)
- Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy [20114010203120]
- Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011K000691]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20114010203120, 20112020100070] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIB) have governed the current worldwide rechargeable battery market due to their outstanding energy and power capability. In particular, the LIB's role in enabling electric vehicles (EVs) has been highlighted to replace the current oil-driven vehicles in order to reduce the usage of oil resources and generation of CO2 gases. Unlike Li, sodium is one of the more abundant elements on Earth and exhibits similar chemical properties to Li, indicating that Na chemistry could be applied to a similar battery system. In the 1970s-80s, both Na-ion and Li-ion electrodes were investigated, but the higher energy density of Li-ion cells made them more applicable to small, portable electronic devices, and research efforts for rechargeable batteries have been mainly concentrated on LIB since then. Recently, research interest in Na-ion batteries (NIB) has been resurrected, driven by new applications with requirements different from those in portable electronics, and to address the concern on Li abundance. In this article, both negative and positive electrode materials in NIB are briefly reviewed. While the voltage is generally lower and the volume change upon Na removal or insertion is larger for Na-intercalation electrodes, compared to their Li equivalents, the power capability can vary depending on the crystal structures. It is concluded that cost-effective NIB can partially replace LIB, but requires further investigation and improvement.
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