Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 2, Issue 5, Pages 575-582Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201100718
Keywords
polymer solar cells; processing additives; nanoscale morphology; phthalimide copolymer semiconductors; fullerene intercalation
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Funding
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER46467]
- NSF [DMR-0805259, CHE-0616759]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [805259] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The power conversion efficiency of poly(N-(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-bis(4-dodecyloxythiophen-2-yl)phthalimide) (PhBTEH)/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells improves from 0.43 to 4.1% by using a processing additive. The underlying mechanism for the almost 10-fold enhancement in solar cell performance is found to be inhibition of fullerene intercalation into the polymer side chains and regulation of the relative crystallization/aggregation rates of the polymer and fullerene. An optimal interconnected two-phase morphology with 1520 nm domains is obtained when a processing additive is used compared with 100300 nm domains without the additive. The results demonstrate that a processing additive provides an effective means of controlling both the fullerene intercalation in polymer/fullerene blends and the domain sizes of their phase-separated nanoscale morphology.
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