Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 1, Issue 6, Pages 1199-1204Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201100360
Keywords
silicon anode; X-ray diffraction; focused ion beam; high resolution transmission electron microscopy; chemomechanical modeling
Categories
Funding
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [F9550-06-1-0326]
- National Science Foundation under CMMI [0729520]
- Fundamental R&D Program for Technology of World Premier Materials
- Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [10037919, R11-2005-065]
- WCU (World Class University) through National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31-2008-000-10075-0]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [0729520] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We report the direct observation of microstructural changes of LixSi electrode with lithium insertion. HRTEM experiments confirm that lithiated amorphous silicon forms a shell around a core made up of the unlithiated silicon and that fully lithiated silicon contains a large number of pores of which concentration increases toward the center of the particle. Chemomechanical modeling is employed in order to explain this mechanical degradation resulting from stresses in the LixSi particles with lithium insertion. Because lithiation-induced volume expansion and pulverization are the key mechanical effects that plague the performance and lifetime of high-capacity Si anodes in lithium-ion batteries, our observations and chemomechanical simulation provide important mechanistic insight for the design of advanced battery materials.
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