Journal
ACS CATALYSIS
Volume 2, Issue 9, Pages 1916-1923Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/cs300451q
Keywords
electrocatalysis; molybdenum sulfide; hydrogen evolution; wet chemical synthesis; nanostructured film
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Funding
- Center on Nanostructuring for Efficient Energy Conversion (CNEEC) at Stanford University, an Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001060]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [NFT-9-88567-01, DE-AC36-08GO28308]
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We present a scalable wet chemical synthesis for a catalytically active nanostructured amorphous molybdenum sulfide material. The catalyst film is one of the most active nonprecious metal materials for electrochemical hydrogen evolution, drawing 10 mA/cm(2) at similar to 200 mV overpotential. To identify the active phase of the material, we perform X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy after testing under a variety of conditions. As deposited, the catalyst resembles amorphous MoS3, but domains resembling MoS2 in composition and chemical state are created under reaction conditions and may contribute to this material's high electrochemical activity. The activity scales with electrochemically active surface area, suggesting that the rough, nanostructured catalyst morphology also contributes substantially to the film's high activity. Electrochemical stability tests indicate that the catalyst remains highly active throughout prolonged operation. The overpotential required to attain a current density of 10 mA/cm(2) increases by only 57 mV after 10 000 reductive potential cycles. Our enhanced understanding of this highly active amorphous molybdenum sulfide hydrogen evolution catalyst may facilitate the development of economical electrochemical hydrogen production systems.
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