Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4930
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [011CB109300, 2012CB113906, 2012CB723007, 2006CB101600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [3067134, 30671119, 31301039]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program [2013AA102602, 2012AA100105, 2012AA100104]
- China Agriculture Research System [CARS-13, CARS-25-A]
- Core Research Budget of the Non-profit Governmental Research Institution [1610172010005]
- Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201103016]
- China-Australia collaboration project [2010DFA31730]
- UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E017363/1]
- Australian Research Council [LP0882095, LP0883462, DP0985953, LP110100200]
- Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ008944, PJ008202]
- US National Science Foundation [IOS 0638418, DBI 0849896, MCB 1021718]
- BBSRC [BB/E017363/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E017363/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1021718] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Polyploidization has provided much genetic variation for plant adaptive evolution, but the mechanisms by which the molecular evolution of polyploid genomes establishes genetic architecture underlying species differentiation are unclear. Brassica is an ideal model to increase knowledge of polyploid evolution. Here we describe a draft genome sequence of Brassica oleracea, comparing it with that of its sister species B. rapa to reveal numerous chromosome rearrangements and asymmetrical gene loss in duplicated genomic blocks, asymmetrical amplification of transposable elements, differential gene co-retention for specific pathways and variation in gene expression, including alternative splicing, among a large number of paralogous and orthologous genes. Genes related to the production of anticancer phytochemicals and morphological variations illustrate consequences of genome duplication and gene divergence, imparting biochemical and morphological variation to B. oleracea. This study provides insights into Brassica genome evolution and will underpin research into the many important crops in this genus.
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