Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3437
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Funding
- Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Postdoctoral Research Award under the EERE Vehicles Technology Program
- DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100]
- Center for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- Applied Battery Research for Transportation (ABR) Program from the U. S. DOE-EERE Office of Vehicle Technologies
- U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- 973 Program of China [2009CB220105]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2120001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21273129]
- Bosch (China) Ltd.
- Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant
- Korean government, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy [20124010203310]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Korea government (MEST) [2009-0092780]
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Dissolution and migration of manganese from cathode lead to severe capacity fading of lithium manganate-carbon cells. Overcoming this major problem requires a better understanding of the mechanisms of manganese dissolution, migration and deposition. Here we apply a variety of advanced analytical methods to study lithium manganate cathodes that are cycled with different anodes. We show that the oxidation state of manganese deposited on the anodes is +2, which differs from the results reported earlier. Our results also indicate that a metathesis reaction between Mn(II) and some species on the solid-electrolyte interphase takes place during the deposition of Mn(II) on the anodes, rather than a reduction reaction that leads to the formation of metallic Mn, as speculated in earlier studies. The concentration of Mn deposited on the anode gradually increases with cycles; this trend is well correlated with the anodes rising impedance and capacity fading of the cell.
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