Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2884
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Funding
- NASA [EXO-NNX11AR78G]
- US National Science Foundation [MCB 0546865, OISE 0968421]
- US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-EE-0000716]
- Nevada Renewable Energy Consortium
- DOE
- Joint Genome Institute [CSP-182]
- Office of Science of the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- National Institutes of Health [P20 RR-016464]
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering
- Office Of The Director [968421] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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OP9 is a yet-uncultivated bacterial lineage found in geothermal systems, petroleum reservoirs, anaerobic digesters and wastewater treatment facilities. Here we use single-cell and metagenome sequencing to obtain two distinct, nearly complete OP9 genomes, one constructed from single cells sorted from hot spring sediments and the other derived from binned metagenomic contigs from an in situ-enriched cellulolytic, thermophilic community. Phylogenomic analyses support the designation of OP9 as a candidate phylum for which we propose the name 'Atribacteria'. Although a plurality of predicted proteins is most similar to those from Firmicutes, the presence of key genes suggests a diderm cell envelope. Metabolic reconstruction from the core genome suggests an anaerobic lifestyle based on sugar fermentation by Embden-Meyerhof glycolysis with production of hydrogen, acetate and ethanol. Putative glycohydrolases and an endoglucanase may enable catabolism of (hemi) cellulose in thermal environments. This study lays a foundation for understanding the physiology and ecological role of the 'Atribacteria'.
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