Journal
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
Volume 6, Issue 6, Pages 1482-1488Publisher
SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1315
Keywords
diabetic nephropathy; tumor necrosis factor-; neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
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Funding
- Shanghai Basic Research Foundation [13401905500]
- Translational Research Initiative Grant from Shanghai Hongkou Health Bureau
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital
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The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of the proinflammatory marker tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and the tubular marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) with the progression of the early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN). Baseline levels of urinary TNF- and NGAL were measured in 63 non-diabetic controls and 201 patients with type 2 diabetes and different albuminuria statuses. The patients with diabetes (n=125) with normo- or microalbuminuria were subsequently followed-up for 28 (25-32) months, with routine measurements of creatinine and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). It was observed that baseline levels of urinary TNF- and NGAL were significantly elevated and correlated with the severity of albuminuria in patients with diabetes. During the follow-up, the urinary levels of TNF- and NGAL were observed to be significantly correlated with a rapid decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Following adjustment for other progression promoters, including albuminuria, TNF- remained a significant predictor of eGFR decline. These results suggest that inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of DN and indicate that TNF- may be used as an independent predictor for the progression of DN at the early stage.
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