Journal
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
Volume 3, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.107
Keywords
acute lymphoblastic leukemia; apoptosis signaling; xenograft model; NOD/SCID; prognosis
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Funding
- program 'Experimental Medicine' of the International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm
- Kind-Philipp-Foundation for Leukemia Research
- Else Kroner-Fresenius-Foundation
- German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [STA555-3]
- Wilhelm Sander Foundation [2005.075.2]
- research fellowship of the European Hematology Association
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Previously, we found that rapid leukemia engraftment (short time to leukemia, TTLshort) in the NOD/SCID/huALL (non-obese diabetic/severe combined immuno-deficiency/human acute lymphoblastic leukemia) xenograft model is indicative of early patient relapse. As earlier intact apoptosis sensitivity was predictive for good prognosis in patients, we investigated the importance of apoptosis signaling on NOD/SCID/huALL engraftment. Intact apoptosome function as reflected by cytochrome c-related activation of caspase-3 (CRAC-positivity) was strongly associated with prolonged NOD/SCID engraftment (long time to leukemia, TTLlong) of primary leukemia cells, good treatment response and superior patient survival. Conversely, deficient apoptosome function (CRAC-negativity) was associated with rapid engraftment (TTLshort) and early relapse. Moreover, an intact apoptosis signaling was associated with high transcript and protein levels of the pro-apoptotic death-associated protein kinase1 (DAPK1). Our data strongly emphasize the impact of intrinsic apoptosis sensitivity of ALL cells on the engraftment phenotype in the NOD/SCID/huALL model, and most importantly also on patient outcome. Cell Death and Disease (2012) 3, e364; doi:10.1038/cddis.2012.107; published online 9 August 2012
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