Journal
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY
Volume 1, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a003459
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Funding
- NIH
- McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience
- American Heart Association
- Irma T. Hirschl Fund
- HFSP
- Skirball Institute of New York University Medical Center
- Harvard University
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Nodal signals belong to the TGF-beta superfamily and are essential for the induction of mesoderm and endoderm and the determination of the left-right axis. Nodal signals can act as morphogens-they have concentration-dependent effects and can act at a distance from their source of production. Nodal and its feedback inhibitor Lefty form an activator/inhibitor pair that behaves similarly to postulated reaction-diffusion models of tissue patterning. Nodal morphogen activity is also regulated by microRNAs, convertases, TGF-beta signals, co-receptors, and trafficking factors. This article describes how Nodal morphogens pattern embryonic fields and discusses how Nodal morphogen signaling is modulated.
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