Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Presentation

Background: Complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) present a challenge to healthcare providers. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an increasing cause of these infections, particularly in certain countries. Surgeons and other healthcare providers need to understand cSSTIs and manage them effectively. Methods: Review of the literature related to the pathogens associated with cSSTIs. Results: In the United States, MRSA is a major cause of cSSTIs, and toxin-producing community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains are increasing in prevalence. These strains are distinct from hospital-acquired MRSA (HAM RSA). Infection with novel CA-MRSA in previously healthy individuals has emerged as an important public health problem. The virulence of these pathogens and their increasing prevalence in cSSTIs indicate that patients may be at higher risk for complications. Conclusions: There is a growing prevalence of MRSA, particularly in cSSTIs observed in both the community and the hospital setting. Early appropriate recognition and treatment of cSSTIs may improve patient outcomes.