4.5 Article

Combined upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and proteinase-activated receptor-1 predicts unfavorable prognosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Journal

ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages 1139-1146

Publisher

DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S50389

Keywords

MMP-1; PAR-1; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; coexpression; prognosis

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Background: The upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been demonstrated to be correlated with lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), while the activation of protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) mediates proliferation and invasion of NPC cells. The present study investigated the clinical significance of the coexpression of MMP-1 and PAR-1 in NPC patients in determining the prognosis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of MMP-1 and PAR-1 in tumor tissue samples from 266 NPC patients. Results: Overexpression of MMP-1 and PAR-1 proteins were, respectively, detected in 190 (71.43%) and 182 (68.42%) of the 266 NPC patients. In addition, the combined MMP-1 and PAR-1 expression was significantly associated with advanced T-stage (P = 0.01), advanced clinical stage (P = 0.002), positive recurrence (P = 0.01), and metastatic status (P = 0.01) of NPC. Moreover, the overall survival in NPC patients with MMP-1 and PAR-1 dual overexpression was significantly shorter than in those with dual low expression (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the multivariate analyses indicated that the combined MMP-1 and PAR-1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.001) in NPC patients, but the upregulation of MMP-1 and PAR-1 alone was, in each case, not an independent prognostic factor for this disease. Conclusion: Our data provide convincing evidence, for the first time, that the activation of the MMP-1 and PAR-1 axis may be involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of NPC. The upregulation of MMP-1 in combination with PAR-1 overexpression is an unfavorable prognostic marker for NPC and might offer the possibility of future therapeutic targets.

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