Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2012.00105
Keywords
closed-loop; real-time; spike sorting; multielectrode arrays; neural cultures
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Funding
- European Community through the ERC [267351]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [PZ00P3_132245]
- EU [FP6: CT2006-035854]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PZ00P3_132245] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Understanding plasticity of neural networks is a key to comprehending their development and function. A powerful technique to study neural plasticity includes recording and control of pre and post-synaptic neural activity, e. g., by using simultaneous intracellular recording and stimulation of several neurons. Intracellular recording is, however, a demanding technique and has its limitations in that only a small number of neurons can be stimulated and recorded from at the same time. Extracellular techniques offer the possibility to simultaneously record from larger numbers of neurons with relative ease, at the expenses of increased efforts to sort out single neuronal activities from the recorded mixture, which is a time consuming and error prone step, referred to as spike sorting. In this mini review, we describe recent technological developments in two separate fields, namely CMOS-based high-density microelectrode arrays, which also allow for extra cellular stimulation of neurons, and real-time spike sorting. We argue that these techniques, when combined, will provide a powerful tool to study plasticity in neural networks consisting of several thousand neurons in vitro.
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