Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00109
Keywords
human pluripotent stem cells; neural differentiation; neocortical neurons; disease modeling; autism spectrum disorders (ASD); cellular phenotype
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Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [EPS-129129]
- Ontario Brain Institute
- Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health Research [W7714-125624/001/SV]
- National Institutes of Health [R33MH087908]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2012039296]
- Ontario Stem Cell Initiative
- Canada Vanier Graduate Scholarship
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. Despite its high prevalence, discovery of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ASD has lagged due to a lack of appropriate model systems. Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and neural differentiation techniques allow for detailed functional analyses of neurons generated from living individuals with ASD. Refinement of cortical neuron differentiation methods from iPSCs will enable mechanistic studies of specific neuronal subpopulations that may be preferentially impaired in ASD. In this review, we summarize recent accomplishments in differentiation of cortical neurons from human pluripotent stems cells and efforts to establish in vitro model systems to study ASD using personalized neurons.
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