Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
Volume 3, Issue 16, Pages 3324-3330Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00076a
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Funding
- Chinese Natural Science Foundation [30970784, 81171455, 81271476]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31225009]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2009CB930200]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Hundred Talents Program [07165111ZX]
- CAS Knowledge Innovation Program
- State High-Tech Development Plan [2012AA020804]
- NIH/NIMHD [8 G12 MD007597]
- USAMRMC [W81XWH-10-1-0767]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA09030301, 121D11KYSB20130006]
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [G12MD007597] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Gold nanorods (Au NRs) have been receiving extensive attention owing to their extremely attractive properties which make them suitable for various biomedical applications. Au NRs could induce nanotoxicity, but this problem could be turned into therapeutic potential through tuning autophagy. However, the autophagy-inducing activity and mechanism of Au NRs is still unclear. Here we showed that surface chemical modification can tune the autophagy-inducing activity of Au NRs in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. CTAB-coated Au NRs induce remarkable levels of autophagy activity as evidenced by LC3-II conversion and p62 degradation, while PSS- and PDDAC-coated Au NRs barely induce autophagy. More importantly, we also demonstrated that the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway was responsible for CTAB-coated Au NRs-induced autophagy. We further showed that CTAB-coated Au NRs also induce autophagy in human fetal lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells in a time-dependent manner. This study unveils a previously unknown function for Au NRs in autophagy induction, and provides a new insight for designing surface modifications of Au NRs for biomedical applications.
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