Journal
CHEMICAL SCIENCE
Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 80-87Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00321b
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Funding
- NSF
- NDSEG
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We report efficient water photolysis using a cross-linked TiO2 nanowire anode containing mixed anatase and rutile phases. Under simulated AM 1.5 G illumination, the peak solar energy conversion efficiency is measured to be 1.05%, a new record for TiO2 photoanodes. A photocurrent density as high as 2.6 mA cm(-2) is observed when the film thickness is 22 mu m. These observations indicate that the high surface area architecture afforded by the cross-linked TiO2 nanowires enables both long optical path lengths and high photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. We also report photocurrent in the visible range due to sub-band gap absorptions, which is enhanced by up to a factor of 10 when the TiO2 nanowires are coated with gold or silver nanoparticles. This enhancement is observed only in thinner (up to 1 mm) TiO2 nanowire films, however, indicating that the effect stems from enhanced light retention by nanoparticle scattering.
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