Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
Volume 3, Issue 39, Pages 7667-7672Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01509j
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [EB015190]
- National Science Foundation [CBET-0854414, CMMI-1234957]
- Department of Defense [W81XWH-12-1-0384]
- Oklahoma Center for Adult Stem Cell Research [434003]
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology [HR14-160]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21172194]
- Projects of Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plans [2012C12910]
- Silkworm Industry Science and Technology Innovation Team [2011R50028]
- China Agriculture Research System [CARS-22-ZJ0402]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program 863 [2013AA102507]
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Synthetic nanoparticles are always terminated with coating molecules, which are often cytotoxic and not desired in biomedicine. Here we propose a novel reaction-dissolution approach to remove the cytotoxic coating molecules. A two-component solution is added to the nanoparticle solution; one component reacts with the coating molecules to form a salt whereas another is a solvent for dissolving and thus removing the salt. As a proof of concept, this work uses a NaOH-ethanol solution to remove the cytotoxic linoleic acid molecules coated on the hydroxyapatite nanorods (HAP-NRs). The removal of the coating molecules not only significantly improves the biocompatibility of HAP-NRs but also enables their oriented attachment into tightly-bound superstructures, which mimic the organized HAP crystals in bone and enamel and can promote the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Our reaction-dissolution approach can be extended to the surface cleaning'' of other nanomaterials.
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