Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 69-88Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/v6010069
Keywords
flavivirus; West Nile virus; dengue virus; viral entry; C-type lectin receptor; phosphatidylserine receptors
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI101400]
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM)
- TOTAL Gas and Oil Venezuela
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC)
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Flaviviruses enter host cells by endocytosis initiated when the virus particles interact with cell surface receptors. The current model suggests that flaviviruses use at least two different sets of molecules for infectious entry: attachment factors that concentrate and/or recruit viruses on the cell surface and primary receptor(s) that bind to virions and direct them to the endocytic pathway. Here, we present the currently available knowledge regarding the flavivirus receptors described so far with specific attention to C-type lectin receptors and the phosphatidylserine receptors, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) and TYRO3, AXL and MER (TAM). Their role in flavivirus attachment and entry as well as their implication in the virus biology will be discussed in depth.
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