Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 4, Issue 12, Pages 3812-3830Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v4123812
Keywords
flavivirus; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; pathogenesis; immunopathogenesis; neuron; brain
Categories
Funding
- NIH [U54 AI081680, U19 AI083019, R01 AI074973]
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West Nile virus (WNV) continues to cause outbreaks of severe neuroinvasive disease in humans and other vertebrate animals in the United States, Europe, and other regions of the world. This review discusses our understanding of the interactions between virus and host that occur in the central nervous system (CNS), the outcome of which can be protection, viral pathogenesis, or immunopathogenesis. We will focus on defining the current state of knowledge of WNV entry, tropism, and host immune response in the CNS, all of which affect the balance between injury and successful clearance.
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