Journal
FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY
Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 117-126Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12560-010-9038-1
Keywords
Norovirus; Gastroenteritis; Review; Human; Calicivirus
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [N01-AI-25465, P01-AI-057788, M01-RR-00188, P30-DK-56338, U54-AI-057156]
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Noroviruses are a common cause of both endemic and epidemic gastroenteritis. These highly infectious viruses usually cause self-limited disease, but chronic infections occur in highly immunocompromised patients and unusual manifestations are also being described in some populations. Histoblood-group antigen expression is now recognized as an important susceptibility factor for many norovirus strains, but a correlate of acquired immunity to infection or illness has not yet been identified. Currently, treatment and prevention strategies rely on nonspecific measures. However, virus-like particles containing capsid antigens are undergoing evaluation as a vaccine candidate for illness prevention. This article reviews the biologic properties, epidemiology, clinical features, host susceptibility, diagnosis, and treatment and prevention of norovirus infection.
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