4.1 Article

Two New Species of Photosymbiotic Ascidians of the Genus Diplosoma from the Ryukyu Archipelago, with Partial Sequences of the COI Gene

Journal

ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 26, Issue 5, Pages 362-368

Publisher

ZOOLOGICAL SOC JAPAN
DOI: 10.2108/zsj.26.362

Keywords

COI; colonial ascidian; coral reef; photosymbiont; Didemnidae; Prochloron; stigmata

Categories

Funding

  1. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [20570092]
  2. 21st Century COE Program of the University of the Ryukyus.
  3. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20570092] Funding Source: KAKEN

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Two new species of Diplosoma are described from coral reefs in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan: D. watanabei sp. nov. and D. gumavirens sp. nov. Colonies of both species are green due to algal symbionts of Prochloron, which are distributed in the common cloacal cavity. Both species are characterized by the point of emergence of the retractor muscle and a unique combination of stigma numbers among the four rows of the branchial sac. There are three adhesive papillae in the embryos of D. watanabei, as in most ascidian embryos and larvae, whereas the pre-hatching embryos of D. gumavirens sp. nov. posses 12-16 adhesive papillae. Partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI) gene discriminated the new species from each other and from congeners.

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