Tuning the Photophysical Properties and Solid-State Organization of Perfluorophenyl-functionalized Dithieno[3,2-b:2 ',3 '-d]phospholes

A series of perfluorophenyl-substituted dithienophosphole derivates has been synthesized. Investigation of their photophysical properties, as well as their organization in the solid state reveals that these properties can be manipulated via introduction of bromine substituents in 2,6-position of the dithienphosphole scaffold, as well as the complexation of the phosphorus center with an electron rich gold(I) fragment. The strongly electron-withdrawing character of the perfluorophenyl-group surmounts the effect of the oxidation of the phosphorus center with respect to photophysics, leading to leading to optoelectronic features similar to those of the trivalent phosphole species. The trivalent phosphole species. The solid-state organization of the members of this perfluorinated dithienophosphole family, on the other hand, strongly depends on the heteroatoms present within the system, as close intermolecular interactions can be observed between varieties of different atoms (Au-Au, Br-Br, Br-O, Br-C, F-C, O-S), next to regular C-C pi-stacking interactions.