Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 9, Pages 1669-1679Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9680-z
Keywords
chir-pine; B.subtilis BN1; Macrophomina phaseolina; root rot; biocontrol
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Bacterial isolates having antifungal and good plant growth-promoting attributes were isolated from chir-pine (Pinus roxburghii) rhizosphere. An isolate, Bacillus subtilis BN1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against Macrophomina phaseolina, and other phytopathogens including Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. It was characterized and selected for the present studies. BN1 resulted in vacuolation, hyphal squeezing, swelling, abnormal branching and lysis of mycelia. The cell-free culture filtrate of BN1 inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina. Pot trial study resulted in statistically significant increase in seedling biomass besides reduction in root rot symptoms in chir-pine seedlings. BN1 treatment resulted in 43.6% and 93.54% increases in root and shoot dry weights respectively, as compared to control. Also, 80-85% seed viability was recorded in treatments receiving BN1 either alone or in the presence of M. phaseolina, compared to 54.5% with M. phaseolina. Bioinoculant formulation study suggested that maximum viability of bacteria was in a sawdust-based carrier. B. subtilis BN1 produced lytic enzymes, chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase, which are known to cause hyphal degradation and digestion of the cell wall component of M. phaseolina. In the presence of M. phaseolina, population of B1 was 1.5 x 10(4) c.f.u. g(-1) root after one month, which increased to 4.5 x 10(4) c.f.u. g(-1) root in three months. Positive root colonization capability of B. subtilis BN1 proved it as a potent biocontrol agent.
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