Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 38, Pages 13804-13819Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13804
Keywords
Gastric cancer; Risk factors; Genetic alterations; Epigenetic alterations; Signaling pathways
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Funding
- National Key Program for Developing Basic Research [2010CB933903]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81171969, 81272933, 81372217]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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Gastric cancer (GC) is a major public health issue as the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Recent advances have improved our understanding of its molecular pathogenesis, as best exemplified by elucidating the fundamental role of several major signaling pathways and related molecular derangements. Central to these mechanisms are the genetic and epigenetic alterations in these signaling pathways, such as gene mutations, copy number variants, aberrant gene methylation and histone modification, nucleosome positioning, and microRNAs. Some of these genetic/epigenetic alterations represent effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC. This information has now opened unprecedented opportunities for better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this cancer. The pathogenetic mechanisms of GC are the focus of this review. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
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