Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 46, Pages 8531-8542Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8531
Keywords
Colorectal cancer; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte; Dendritic cell; Immunotherapy; Vaccine
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Funding
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [24501334] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is on the rise, and the prognosis for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease is extremely poor. Although chemotherapy and radiation therapy can improve survival rates, it is imperative to integrate alternative strategies such as immunotherapy to improve outcomes for patients with advanced CRC. In this review, we will discuss the effect of immunotherapy for inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the major immunotherapeutic approaches for CRC that are currently in clinical trials, including peptide vaccines, dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines, whole tumor cell vaccines, viral vector-based cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfer therapy, antibody-based cancer immunotherapy, and cytokine therapy. The possibility of combination therapies will also be discussed along with the challenges presented by tumor escape mechanisms. (C) 2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
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