Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 33, Pages 5446-5453Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i33.5446
Keywords
Hepatitis B virus genotypes; Hepatitis B virus genotype H; Hepatitis B virus genotype G; Molecular epidemiology; Mexico; Antiviral therapy; Severity of liver disease; Clinical outcome
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Funding
- National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT-FONDO SECTORIAL, Mexico) [Salud-2010-1-139085]
- Jalisco State Council of Science and Technology (COECYTJAL-Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) [2009-1-06-2009-431]
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have distinct genetic and geographic diversity and may be associated with specific clinical characteristics, progression, severity of disease and antiviral response. Herein, we provide an updated overview of the endemicity of HBV genotypes H and G in Mexico. HBV genotype H is predominant among the Mexican population, but not in Central America. Its geographic distribution is related to a typical endemicity among the Mexicans which is characterized by a low hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence, apparently due to a rapid resolution of the infection, low viral loads and a high prevalence of occult B infection. During chronic infections, genotype H is detected in mixtures with other HBV genotypes and associated with other co-morbidities, such as obesity, alcoholism and co-infection with hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence is low. Thus, antiviral therapy may differ significantly from the standard guidelines established worldwide. The high prevalence of HBV genotype G in the Americas, especially among the Mexican population, raises new questions regarding its geographic origin that will require further investigation. (C) 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
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