Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 20, Pages 2543-2551Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i20.2543
Keywords
Alcoholic liver disease; Hepatic stellate cell; Natural killer cell; Kupffer cell; Endocannabinoid; Steatosis; Steatohepatitis; Fibrosis
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Funding
- Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, South Korea [A090183]
- Korea Health Promotion Institute [A090183] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Constant alcohol consumption is a major cause of chronic liver disease, and there has been a growing concern regarding the increased mortality rates worldwide. Alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs) range from mild to more severe conditions, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver is enriched with innate immune cells (e.g. natural killer cells and Kupffer cells) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that innate immunity contributes to the development of ALDs (e.g. steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis). Indeed, HSCs play a crucial role in alcoholic steatosis via production of endocannabinoid and retinol metabolites. This review describes the roles of the innate immunity and HSCs in the pathogenesis of ALDs, and suggests therapeutic targets and strategies to assist in the reduction of ALD. (C) 2011 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
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