In Building Penetration Loss in Office and Residential Building Structures in Palestine at GSM 900 MHz Frequency

Cellular operators often design their cellular infra- structures for outdoor coverage not paying much attention to in-building coverage as part of the necessary grade of service, they must meet. One of the reasons is that operators tend to act when customer complaints rise, leading to customer migration to other operators, with a consequence of threatening annual profit returns. Another reason is the lack of quality research in signal degradation through different building structures and their utilization in modeling. We propose a new comprehensive standard for in-building penetration loss for most building structure classes in Palestine and vast areas in the Middle East. The model incorporates penetration loss of twelve types of different external wall classes and two types of internal walls that represent over 90 % of building structures in the country. The twelve types are different and widespread stone and concrete building structures.