Journal
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 6, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00023
Keywords
Kandelia candel; Na+ flux; superoxide anion; hydrogen peroxide; salt; catalase; superoxide dismutase
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270654, 31160150]
- Research Project of Chinese Ministry of Education [113013A]
- key project for Overseas Scholars by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of P.R. China [2012001]
- Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (Plan 111 Project) [B13007]
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams of the University [IRT13047]
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Na+ uptake and transport in Kandelia candel and antioxidative defense were investigated under rising NaCI stress from 100 to 300 mM. Salinized K. candel roots had a net Na+ efflux with a declined flux rate during an extended NaCI exposure. Na+ buildup in leaves enhanced H2O2 levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and increased transcription of CSD gene encoding a Cu/Zn SOD. Sequence and subcellular localization analyses have revealed that KcCSD is a typical Cu/Zn SOD in chloroplast. The transgenic tobacco experimental system was used as a functional genetics model to test the effect of KcCSD on salinity tolerance. KcCSD-transgenic lines were more Na+ tolerant than wildtype (WT) tobacco in terms of lipid peroxidation, root growth, and survival rate. In the latter, 100 mM NaCI led to a remarkable reduction in chlorophyll content and a/b ratio, decreased maximal chlorophyll a fluorescence, and photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. NaCI stress in WT resulted from H2O2 burst in chloroplast. Na+ injury to chloroplast was less pronounced in KcCSD-transgenic plants due to upregulated antioxidant defense. KcCSD-transgenic tobacco enhanced SOD activity by an increment in SOD isoenzymes under 100 mM NaCI stress from 24h to 7 day. Catalase activity rose in KcCSD overexpressing tobacco plants. KcCSD-transgenic plants better scavenged NaCl-elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to WT ones. In conclusion, K. candel effectively excluded Na+ in roots during a short exposure; and increased CSD expression to reduce ROS in chloroplast in a long-term and high saline environment.
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