Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 44, Issue 3, Pages 751-760Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.013
Keywords
Nonwoven fabric filter bag; Gravity filtration; Self-alkali supplement; Membrane bioreactor; Wastewater treatment
Funding
- Ministry of Construction and Transportation of Korean government [C106A1520001-06A085200000]
- Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) [44692] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [과C6A2402] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Conventional and modified membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are increasingly used in small-scale wastewater treatment. However, their widespread applications are hindered by their relatively high cost and operational complexity. in this study, we investigate a new concept of wastewater treatment using a nonwoven fabric filter bag (NFFB) as the membrane bioreactor. Activated sludge is charged in the nonwoven fabric filter bag and membrane filtration via the fabric is achieved under gravity flow without a suction pump. This study found that the biofilm layer formed inside the NFFB achieved 10 mg/L of suspended solids in the permeate within 20 min of initial operation. The dynamic biofilter layer showed good filterability and the specific membrane resistance consisted of 0.3-1.9 x 10(12) m/kg. Due to the low F/M ratio (0.04-0.10 kg BOD5/m(3)/d) and the resultant low sludge yield, the reactor was operated without forming excess sludge. Although the reactor provided aerobic conditions, denitrification occurred in the biofilm layer to recover the alkalinity, thereby eliminating the need to supplement the alkalinity. This study indicates that the NFFB system provides a high potential of effective wastewater treatment with simple operation at reduced cost, and hence offer an attractive solution for widespread use in rural and sparsely populated areas. Crown Copyright (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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