Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 42, Issue 13, Pages 3343-3352Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.04.015
Keywords
aerobic granule; bioactivity; calcium; characteristics; strength; structure
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Calcium-rich aerobic granules were cultivated after 3-month operation. The chemical form and spatial distribution of calcium in the granules and their physicochemical characteristics were explored. Examination with a scanning electron microscope combined energy dispersive X-ray detector (SEM-EDX) shows that Ca was mainly accumulated in the core of the granules. CaCO3 was found to be the main calcium precipitate in the granules. The fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis shows that the cells were crowded in the outer layer and gathered in clusters. Compared with the granules without Ca. accumulation, the Ca-rich granules had more rigid structure and a higher strength. However, their specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) reduced after the Ca accumulation inside them. Comparison between the SOUR values of the granules with and without Ca. accumulation suggests that Ca accumulated in the aerobic granules might have a negative effect on their bioactivity. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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